Moving to Costa Rica from the US: Complete 2026 guide for Americans
US citizens can move to Costa Rica through 4 main pathways:
- Pensionado (provide a lifetime pension of at least US$1,000/month)
- Rentista (prove at least US$2,500/month in guaranteed income)
- Inversionista (make a qualifying investment of at least US$150,000)
- Digital Nomad (prove US$3,000/month in remote income, or US$4,000/month for a family group.
Process takes 3-12 months, costs $1,500-4,000.
Monthly living expenses: $2,000-3,000.
Moving to Costa Rica in 2026 is mostly about matching the right residency route to your budget (With a cost of living 30-50% lower than major US cities, most couples live comfortably on $2,000-3,000 per month), and timeline, then staying organized with paperwork and renewals.
With its breathtaking beaches, lush rainforests, and the popular "pura vida" lifestyle, Costa Rica has become an increasingly attractive destination for Americans seeking a change of pace.
Whether you're a retiree looking for a peaceful haven, a digital nomad seeking adventure, or a family wanting a different cultural experience, moving to Costa Rica from the US can be a rewarding journey.
What are the residency options?
US citizens have 4 main residency pathways to legally live in Costa Rica, each designed for different circumstances and financial situations:
Pensionado (Retiree) Program
This popular option requires proof of a lifetime pension or retirement income of at least $1,000 per month. As a pensionado, you'll enjoy various benefits, including import tax exemptions on household goods and a personal vehicle.
Rentista (Income-based)
If you're not retired but have a stable income, the Rentista program might be suitable. You'll need to demonstrate a guaranteed monthly income of at least $2,500 for two years or make a deposit of $60,000 in a Costa Rican bank.
Inversionista (Investor)
For those with capital to invest, this category requires a minimum investment of $150,000 in a Costa Rican business, real estate, or government-approved projects. The investment must benefit the country economically. (Costa Rica’s investor framework includes a $150,000 minimum investment threshold in law.)
Digital Nomad Visa
Costa Rica offers a specific visa for remote workers and digital entrepreneurs. This visa allows you to live in Costa Rica for up to two years while working for employers or clients outside the country. You'll need to prove a stable monthly income of at least $3,000 (or $4,000 for families).
Permanent vs. Temporary Residency
Most expats start with temporary residency, which must be renewed every two years. After three years of temporary residency, you can apply for permanent status, which offers more stability and fewer renewal requirements.
NOTE! Regardless of which residency option you choose, working with a reputable immigration lawyer who specializes in helping expatriates is highly recommended, as the process can be complex and requirements may change.
Visa and legal requirements
Visa planning is about two things: entering Costa Rica legally, then switching from visitor status to a longer-term status without falling out of compliance. The cleanest moves happen when the timing, document dates, and translations all line up before the application is filed.
Relocating is an exciting adventure, but it’s essential to understand the legal and immigration processes before moving to Costa Rica from the USA to ensure a smooth transition.
Entry requirements for US citizens
As a US citizen, you’re in Costa Rica’s Visa Group 1, and immigration can grant up to 180 days of tourist stay per entry (at their discretion). You should be prepared to show onward travel and meet standard entry requirements, but official guidance does not set a universal $100 per month proof-of-funds amount for every traveler.
Residency pathways
Costa Rica offers multiple residency pathways for Americans. Each category has specific income or investment requirements, processing timelines, and benefits. Choose based on your financial situation and long-term plans.
| Residency Type | Main Requirement | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Pensionado | $1,000/month pension income | For retirees |
| Rentista | $2,500/month income or $60,000 deposit (2 years) | For financially independent applicants |
| Inversionista | $150,000+ investment in real estate/business, plus $1,000/month passive income | Investment can also be in national interest projects; 6-month annual residency obligation |
| Digital Nomad | $3,000+/month foreign income | 12-month visa, extendable; insurance required |
NOTE! $2,500/month for two years is confirmed in Costa Rica’s updated regulatory text. $150,000 minimum investment is confirmed in law. The law sets $3,000/month, or $4,000/month when applying with a family group.
Most Americans choose the Pensionado (retirees) or the Digital Nomad visa (remote workers) due to straightforward requirements.
Application process for residency
To apply for residency, you'll typically follow these steps:
- Initial research: Determine which residency category best fits your situation
- Document preparation: Gather and authenticate all required documents
- Application submission: File your application with the Costa Rican immigration office (DGME)
- After you file, you’ll have proof that your application is in process; the DIMEX is typically issued after approval and registration steps are completed, not at the initial filing stage.
- Permanency: Apply for permanent residency after maintaining temporary status for three years
Required documentation and translations
Bring documents in the format immigration requires: properly apostilled (or otherwise authenticated, depending on the document type) and translated into Spanish by an authorized translator for use in Costa Rica. (This is a common snag, so build in extra time for document authentication and translations.)
Here are the documents you'll need:
- Valid passport
- Birth certificate
- Police/criminal background check from the FBI
- Marriage certificate (if applicable)
- Proof of income or pension
- Application forms and photos
Timeline and costs
The residency process can take anywhere from 3–12 months, depending on your application type and current processing times. Budget approximately $1,500–4,000 for the entire process, including:
- Application Fees: $50–400
- DIMEX Card: $98–123
- Guarantee Deposit: About $361 (refundable)
- Document Authentication: $100–300
- Translations: $40–500
- Attorney Fees: $1,000–2,000 (optional, but recommended)
- Renewal: Around $150 every two years
You can ensure this goes smoothly by keeping all documents, apostilles, and translations together. We also recommend practicing your Spanish (even if just for pleasantries) and opening a local account to make things much more efficient.
It sounds obvious, but don’t overstay your tourist visa while your residency is processed. We suggest you consider consulting an immigration expert to ensure full compliance with Costa Rican law.
Path to Costa Rican citizenship
US citizens can apply for Costa Rican citizenship after 7 years of legal residency (5 years if married to a Costa Rican or have Costa Rican children).
Requirements:
- 7 years of continuous legal residency (5 years for special cases)
- Spanish language proficiency test
- Knowledge of Costa Rican history and values
- Financial stability proof
- Clean criminal record
Most Americans maintain residency status rather than pursuing citizenship due to the time requirements.
NOTE! Dual citizenship is allowed – Americans can keep US citizenship.
Benefits: voting rights, no residency renewal requirements, and a Costa Rican passport for travel.
Deciding on a place to live
Popular areas for American expats include San José (urban amenities, healthcare), Tamarindo (beach lifestyle, surfing), Atenas (best climate year-round), and Puerto Viejo (Caribbean culture, relaxed vibe).
Finding your ideal home is one of the most important steps in successfully resettling in Costa Rica. The country offers an impressive variety of living environments, from bustling urban centers to tranquil mountain villages and sun-drenched beach towns.
Each area has its own unique character, amenities, and lifestyle, making it essential to consider your personal preferences and priorities before making a decision.
Best areas for expats
Costa Rica’s diverse geography means there’s truly something for everyone. Here’s a closer look at some of the most popular regions for expats:
San José and the Central Valley
The capital city of San José and its surrounding Central Valley are favorites among expats who want access to modern urban amenities, excellent healthcare, and a cosmopolitan lifestyle.
The higher elevation also means milder temperatures year-round. Within this region, several communities stand out.
- Escazú – Known for its upscale vibe, international schools, modern shopping malls, and a wide selection of restaurants. It’s a top choice for families and professionals.
- Santa Ana – Offers a pleasant climate, contemporary conveniences, and a quieter, more suburban feel while still being close to the city.
- Heredia – A charming university town with a strong cultural scene, lush greenery, and a welcoming atmosphere.
Pacific Coast
If you dream of living by the ocean, Costa Rica’s Pacific Coast is a paradise for beach lovers and those seeking a more laid-back lifestyle.
- Tamarindo – A lively beach town with a significant expat population, vibrant nightlife, and excellent surfing.
- Jacó – Famous for its active nightlife, surfing community, and convenient access to the capital.
- Manuel Antonio – Renowned for its breathtaking natural beauty, wildlife, and proximity to the famous national park.
Caribbean Coast
For a more off-the-beaten-path experience, the Caribbean Coast offers unique cultural experiences and a slower pace of life.
Puerto Viejo – Known for its Afro-Caribbean influence, relaxed atmosphere, and stunning beaches. It’s a favorite among creative types and those seeking a bohemian lifestyle.
Central Highlands
If you prefer cooler temperatures and mountain views, the Central Highlands are ideal.
- Atenas – Often touted as having the best climate in the world, Atenas is a peaceful town popular with retirees.
- Grecia – An agricultural community with beautiful mountain scenery and a friendly, small-town feel.
Renting vs. buying property
For most newcomers, renting is the smartest choice, at least initially. Renting allows you to:
- Get to know different areas before making a long-term commitment.
- Learn about local property laws, customs, and neighborhoods.
- Avoid potential pitfalls that can arise from buying property as a foreigner.
If you eventually decide to buy, it’s important to know that Americans have the same property rights as Costa Ricans (with some restrictions in coastal and maritime zones).
However, the purchasing process differs from the US in several ways:
- Property is often held in the name of a corporation rather than an individual.
- Title insurance is highly recommended due to the risk of land disputes.
- Working with a reputable real estate attorney is essential to ensure a smooth transaction and a clear title.
What to expect in housing costs
Housing costs vary significantly by location. Here's what Americans typically pay in different regions as of 2026. Here’s a general overview:
(Planning note: these are market estimates for expats and rentals, not official government price schedules.)
| Area | Monthly Rent (USD) | Purchase Price (2BR) (USD) |
|---|---|---|
| San José | $600 – $1,200 | $150,000 – $300,000 |
| Beach Towns | $800 – $2,000 | $200,000 – $500,000+ |
| Rural Areas | $400 – $800 | $100,000 – $200,000 |
Coastal tourist areas command premium prices, while rural highlands offer the best value for budget-conscious expats.
Costa Rican healthcare systems
Costa Rica has both universal public healthcare (Caja) and affordable private healthcare options, with medical costs 50–70% lower than US prices.
Healthcare is one of the biggest reasons people feel confident living in Costa Rica long-term. The common approach is simple: use Caja for broad coverage, then add private care for speed, English support, or specialist choice.
Public vs. private healthcare
-
Public healthcare (Caja) – The Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social (CCSS), commonly called "Caja," is Costa Rica's universal healthcare system. As a legal resident, you're required to contribute to this system based on your income. It provides a nationwide network of clinics, comprehensive coverage, including preventive care, surgeries, and medications.
There are no pre-existing condition exclusions. However, expect limitations like wait times for non-emergency procedures, possible language barriers, and a limited choice of physicians.
- Private healthcare – Many expats combine Caja with private healthcare, offering shorter wait times, English-speaking providers, greater doctor choice, and modern facilities and technology. Private care costs remain significantly lower than in the US, with a typical doctor's visit ranging from $50 – 80 and most major surgeries costing 50 – 70% less than US prices.
How to enroll in the national healthcare system (Caja)
Enrolling in Costa Rica's Caja healthcare system requires a completed residency status with a DIMEX card. The process involves submitting documentation at your local EBAIS clinic, including your residency card, passport, proof of address, and marriage certificate (if applicable).
You must complete application forms and declare your income, which determines your monthly contribution (7–11% of declared income). After paying your initial premium, you'll receive your Caja healthcare card within 1–2 weeks.
It’s easy to access healthcare without additional payments once enrolled. Monthly contributions are automatically withdrawn from your Costa Rican bank account, but the process itself can be hard for first-timers, but worth it.
Health insurance options for expats
While enrolled in Caja, many US citizens living in Costa Rica also maintain:
- International health insurance plans
- Travel medical insurance (for new arrivals)
- Private Costa Rican insurance (INS)
Find a job in Costa Rica
Legal requirements for employment
To work legally in Costa Rica as a foreigner, you need all of the following:
Legal residency status that permits work: Not all types of residency allow you to work. For example, pensionado and rentista residencies generally don’t permit employment as an employee, but may allow you to own a business.
- A work permit: This must be obtained from the immigration authorities (Dirección General de Migración y Extranjería) after you have legal residency status. The work permit is specific to your job and employer.
- Local sponsorship (an employer): Typically, your employer in Costa Rica must sponsor your application. They must prove that the job could not be filled by a Costa Rican citizen or resident and provide documentation supporting their application.
NOTE! Permanent residents can work without a separate work permit, and a Digital Nomad visa allows remote work without a traditional work permit.
Job opportunities for expats
Most Americans working in Costa Rica maintain remote employment with US companies under the Digital Nomad visa rather than seeking local employment.
Common employment options for expats moving to Costa Rica include:
- Teaching English – language schools, international schools, and universities
- Tourism industry – hotels, tour operations, and hospitality
- Remote work – digital nomads working for overseas employers
- Entrepreneurship – opening restaurants, tour companies, or other businesses
Job search resources
Try looking for jobs on ExpatExchange.com and LinkedIn. Also, networking with expat communities and local English-language publications like The Tico Times.
Costa Rican cost of living
Most American couples live comfortably in Costa Rica on $2,000–3,000 per month, including housing, food, healthcare, and entertainment. Single expats typically need $1,500–2,000 monthly. Costs are 30–50% lower than in major US cities, with the biggest savings on healthcare, housing (outside tourist areas), and fresh food.
Updated costs for 2026 are shown below.
Monthly expenses comparison
Here's a detailed comparison of typical monthly expenses for Americans in Costa Rica versus the United States as of 2026:
| Expense Category | Costa Rica (USD) | United States (USD) |
|---|---|---|
| One-bedroom apartment (city) | $400 – $800 | $1,200 – $2,500 |
| Utilities (electricity, water) | $75 – $150 | $150 – $250 |
| Internet | $40 – $70 | $60 – $100 |
| Groceries (couple) | $300 – $500 | $500 – $800 |
| Dining out (meal for two) | $25 – $50 | $50 – $100 |
| Healthcare (private insurance) | $75 – $150 | $400 – $800 |
| Transportation (local) | $30 – $50 | $75 – $150 |
These figures represent San José area costs. Rural areas cost 20–30% less, while popular beach towns can be 30–50% more expensive.
Factors affecting your budget
Several elements will influence your personal cost of living when moving to Costa Rica:
- Location – In San José, a basic 1BR might run $600–800 in areas like Rohrmoser or San Pedro, while a similar 1BR in a popular beach town like Tamarindo or Santa Teresa can be $1,000–1,500 (and higher in peak season).
- Lifestyle choices – Shopping at ferias (farmers’ markets) for produce, eggs, and rice/beans can keep costs low, while imported items like US cereals, peanut butter, specialty cheeses, and wine can cost 2–3x what you’d pay at home at stores like Automercado.
- Housing preferences – A modest local apartment might be unfurnished with basic finishes and minimal amenities, while an expat-style community in places like Escazú or Santa Ana often includes security, a pool, gym, and backup water, which pushes rent and HOA-style fees up.
-
Transportation – An imported vehicle (especially SUVs/pickups) can be dramatically more expensive due to taxes and fees; for example, a late-model Toyota RAV4 or Hilux often prices far above US equivalents.
If you own a car, common monthly add-ons include fuel, maintenance, marchamo (annual registration/insurance), parking, and tolls, which can easily cost around $200–400/month depending on driving.
- Entertainment – “Tourist-style” outings like a zipline + guided tour, catamaran cruise, or surf lesson often run $50–100+ per person, while local options like a meal at a soda, a community festival, or a local bus day trip can stay in the $5–10 range (plus transport).
Most expats report living comfortably on $2,000–3,000 per month for a couple, including housing, food, transportation, healthcare, and entertainment. However, it's possible to live on less in rural areas or spend significantly more on a luxury lifestyle.
Sample monthly budgets
Here are three simple scenarios that answer “how much does it cost to live in Costa Rica” in real numbers. These are sample planning budgets for a Costa Rica monthly budget.
Frugal Single ($1,500/month)
- Rent $400
- Food $250
- Public transport $50
- Utilities $75
- Caja healthcare $75
- Internet/phone $50
- Entertainment/misc $600
Comfortable Couple ($2,500/month)
- Rent $700
- Food $450
- Car expenses $100
- Utilities $100
- Caja + private insurance $150
- Internet/phone $70
- Entertainment $200
- Travel/misc $730
Luxury Lifestyle ($4,000+/month)
- Premium housing $1,500
- Frequent dining out $600
- Car ownership $300
- Full private healthcare $250
- Activities/travel $500
- Misc/savings $850
NOTE! These budgets exclude one-time visa costs and initial moving expenses.
Finances and banking info
Banking in Costa Rica can feel slower than US banking, mostly due to compliance checks and in-person steps. The smoothest setup is a local account for bills plus a clear transfer routine for larger moves, so currency exchange and fees don’t sneak up.
Opening a bank account
As a US citizen, you can open a Costa Rican bank account, but the process is more complex than in the United States.
Documentation requirements:
- Passport
- Proof of legal residency (or evidence of residency application in process)
- Proof of address (utility bill)
- Reference letters (usually required)
The most often recommended banks for expats are Banco Nacional, BAC San José, and Scotiabank.
NOTE! Expect the account opening process to take several hours and potentially multiple visits. Having a Spanish-speaking friend accompany you can be incredibly helpful.
Managing currency exchange
Costa Rica's currency is the colón (CRC), but US dollars are widely accepted. To manage currency effectively, it's a good idea to maintain accounts in both currencies.
Stay away from hotels or tourist areas for exchanging your money, use bank or currency exchange services, and try to monitor exchange rates (apps like XE Currency will help). That way, you can time larger currency exchanges when rates are favorable.
Money transfers and digital options
When moving funds between countries:
- Wire transfers – traditional but often expensive
- Online services – Wise and similar platforms offer competitive rates
- ATM withdrawals – convenient, but watch for fees
- Digital wallets – PayPal and Revolut are increasingly popular
Banking practices differ significantly from those in the US, with paper checks rarely used and many transactions still requiring in-person visits despite growing digital options.
For day-to-day spending, credit cards are widely accepted in urban and tourist areas, but carrying cash is essential in rural regions.
Understanding taxes
Americans living in Costa Rica must file US taxes on worldwide income, but can use the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (up to $130,000 for the 2025 tax year filed in 2026) and Foreign Tax Credits to reduce double taxation. The IRS inflation adjustment raises the FEIE maximum to $132,900 for the 2026 tax year.
Tax obligations are perhaps the most critical consideration for any American citizen moving to Costa Rica, as US citizens maintain tax responsibilities regardless of where they live. You can find everything you need on tax preparation for Costa Rica on our blog.
US tax obligations
As a US citizen, you must continue filing US tax returns regardless of your residency status abroad. The United States taxes its citizens on worldwide income, meaning you must report all income, including that earned in Costa Rica, and you remain subject to the same filing deadlines (typically April 15, with automatic extensions for overseas residents).
FBAR filing (Foreign Bank Account Report) is required if your foreign accounts exceed $10,000 at any point during the year.
However, several provisions help prevent double taxation:
- Learn more about the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion for Costa Rica residents. You may exclude up to $130,000 (2025 amount, adjusted annually) of foreign earnings.
- See how to claim the Foreign Tax Credit when living in Costa Rica.
- Understand FBAR filing requirements for your Costa Rica bank accounts.
Costa Rican tax system
Costa Rica employs a territorial tax system, meaning:
- You're only taxed on income sourced within Costa Rica.
- Foreign-source income (US pensions, investments, or remote work for US companies) is generally not taxed.
For salary/wage income, Costa Rica publishes withholding brackets that run up to 25% (updated periodically). Other categories (capital income, gains, business income) can follow different rules and rates, so match the rate to the income type.
Property taxes are relatively low (approximately 0.25% of registered value).
NOTE! Costa Rica’s income tax system is primarily source-based: the tax law focuses on income from Costa Rican sources, including services performed in Costa Rica and other income tied to the Costa Rican territory under the source rules.
That means whether “remote work” is taxed can depend on where the work is physically performed and your status, so don’t assume all foreign-paid income is automatically outside the Costa Rican tax net.
How to stay compliant
To properly manage your tax obligations when moving to Costa Rica from the United States, working with tax professionals experienced in expatriate taxation will keep you ahead of your reporting requirements and ensure you remain compliant.
Cultural adaptation
Many Costa Ricans in tourist areas speak English, but learning basic Spanish is essential for daily interactions, especially outside expat communities.
Local Spanish contains unique expressions ("Tico Spanish") that differ from textbook Spanish, so practice with locals. Language apps like Duolingo, community classes, and language exchanges are also valuable resources.
Community integration
For any expat moving to a new country, it is essential to respect local customs. "Tico time" is more relaxed than the American approach to punctuality. Embrace "pura vida" – a philosophy of appreciation and relaxation.
You may be struggling to find ways to interact with locals. Try to use some of your free time to volunteer for community projects or worthy causes – giving back helps build meaningful connections. You’ll find many more community-focused events like festivals, farmers' markets, and local celebrations.
Practical adjustments
- Addressing system – locations are often described relative to landmarks rather than street addresses.
- Driving conditions – roads can be challenging, especially during the rainy season. Even though it's the same side of the road and the wheel is on the same side, make sure you’re confident in different conditions.
- Grocery shopping – fresh markets often offer better produce than supermarkets.
- Customer service – operates at a different pace than in the US.
Pros and cons of living in Costa Rica
Before making the decision to move, consider these key advantages and challenges of living in Costa Rica as an American:
| PROS OF MOVING TO COSTA RICA | CHALLENGES OF LIVING IN COSTA RICA |
|---|---|
| Natural beauty – access to stunning beaches, rainforests, and biodiversity | Bureaucracy – government processes can be slow and paperwork-intensive |
| Pleasant climate – year-round warm weather with regional variations | Infrastructure issues – roads, power outages, and internet reliability can be frustrating |
| Healthier lifestyle – fresh food, active living, and less stress | Cultural adjustment – different pace and perspectives require patience |
| Lower cost of living – overall expenses generally below US averages | Limited consumer options – fewer product varieties than in the US |
| Quality healthcare – excellent medical care at more affordable prices | Import costs – imported goods carry significant taxes and markups |
| Friendly population – warm, welcoming locals and established expat communities | Language barrier – communication challenges for non-Spanish speakers |
| Political stability – long democratic history without a standing army | Security considerations – petty theft and property crime require vigilance |
| Environmental focus – progressive policies on sustainability and conservation | Distance from family – being far from loved ones in the US |
Need help navigating taxes when moving to Costa Rica?
Relocating internationally involves complex tax considerations that can impact your financial well-being. Our team of experienced tax professionals specializes in helping US citizens living abroad maintain compliance while optimizing their tax situation.
Whether you're planning your move or already enjoying the pura vida lifestyle, we'll ensure you understand both your US and Costa Rican tax obligations. Our experts will help you avoid costly mistakes and take advantage of all available deductions and credits.
FAQ
No. You can maintain your US citizenship while living in Costa Rica permanently. Many expats maintain dual status, keeping their US citizenship while obtaining Costa Rican residency.
Yes, but only temporarily. If you’re driving with a foreign license, Costa Rica law generally allows you to drive for a period equal to your authorized legal stay in the country (for example, up to the period immigration grants for your entry). After establishing residency, you'll need to obtain a Costa Rican driver's license.
Pets can be imported with proper documentation, including international health certificates, vaccination records, and sometimes an import permit. The process is straightforward but requires planning.
Costa Rica is considered one of the safest countries in Latin America. However, like anywhere, crime exists – primarily property crime and petty theft rather than violent crime. Taking normal precautions is advisable.
Urban and tourist areas generally have reliable high-speed internet. However, rural areas may have connectivity challenges. Research internet options for your specific location before committing to a property, especially if you'll be working remotely.
Yes, Americans can live in Costa Rica permanently through residency programs. After obtaining temporary residency, you can apply for permanent residency after 3 years.
Yes, US citizens can move to Costa Rica relatively easily compared to many countries. The process requires choosing a residency pathway, gathering apostilled documents, and submitting an application. While paperwork is extensive, Costa Rica welcomes American expats and the process is straightforward with proper preparation, typically taking 3–12 months.
Initial costs include $1,500–4,000 for residency application and $3,000–5,000 for moving and setup expenses. Ongoing monthly costs average $2,000–3,000 for couples ($1,500–2,000 for singles). Most residency programs require proving minimum monthly income: $1,000 (pensionado), $2,500 (rentista), or $3,000 (digital nomad).
Working as an employee requires a work permit and employer sponsorship, which is difficult to obtain. However, you can own a business, work remotely for US companies (digital nomad visa), or work as an independent contractor. Most Americans maintain remote US employment rather than seeking local jobs.
US citizens can stay in Costa Rica for up to 180 days (6 months) as tourists without a visa. You only need a valid passport. After 180 days, you must leave the country or obtain legal residency status to stay longer.
