Best countries to move to from the USA in 2026
The best countries to move to from the USA in 2026 include Portugal, Mexico, Costa Rica, Canada, Australia, Singapore, the Netherlands, Thailand, Switzerland, South Korea, Indonesia, and the UAE, depending on your visa path, budget, language needs, and tax profile.
For the 2025 tax year filed in 2026, US citizens abroad still report worldwide income on Form 1040, may qualify for the $130,000 foreign earned income exclusion, and may need FBAR if foreign accounts exceed $10,000.
The best countries to move to from the US are not the same for a remote employee, a retiree, a family with school-age children, and a founder opening a foreign company. This guide compares 12 destinations by visa access, cost of living, English use, travel-advisory context, local tax exposure, and US compliance items such as the foreign earned income exclusion, foreign tax credit, Form 8938, Form 5471, and FBAR.
Taxes for Expats helps Americans abroad understand US filing requirements before a move turns into a tax surprise. If you are comparing countries, income types, and foreign account rules, our expat tax team can help you map the US side before you relocate.
Use this table as a 2026 shortlist: all 12 countries require US tax planning, but Canada, Australia, Singapore, and the Netherlands are easiest for English-speaking work integration, while Portugal, Mexico, Costa Rica, Thailand, and Indonesia often offer lower monthly living costs.
| Country | Primary visa route | Typical cost of living vs. US | Language fit | US tax highlights |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Portugal | D7 passive income, D8 digital nomad, work, or investment routes | Lower outside Lisbon and Porto | Portuguese; English common in Lisbon, Porto, Algarve | FEIE or FTC may apply; US–Portugal treaty exists; FBAR if accounts exceed $10,000 |
| Mexico | Temporary resident, permanent resident, work permit | Lower in most cities | Spanish; English common in expat hubs | FTC often useful for Mexican tax; US–Mexico treaty exists; FBAR for Mexican accounts |
| Costa Rica | Digital nomad, Rentista, Pensionado | Lower to moderate | Spanish; English common in expat areas | FEIE may help remote workers; no broad US income tax treaty; FBAR still applies |
| UAE | Employment residence, Green Visa, Golden Visa, retirement | Higher in Dubai and Abu Dhabi | Arabic; English widely used in business | No local personal income tax, but US filing continues; FEIE often central; FBAR for UAE accounts |
| Switzerland | Employer-sponsored L/B permit, C permit later | Higher than US in major cities | German, French, Italian; English common in business | FTC often useful due high local taxes; US–Switzerland treaty exists; FBAR for Swiss accounts |
| Thailand | Destination Thailand Visa, retirement, work permit, LTR | Lower to moderate | Thai; English common in Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Phuket | FEIE may help remote workers; confirm local remittance rules; FBAR for Thai accounts |
| Australia | Skilled Independent 189, Skills in Demand 482, employer routes | Similar to higher | English | FTC often useful; US–Australia treaty exists; FBAR for Australian accounts |
| Canada | Express Entry, work permit, family sponsorship | Similar to US in major cities | English and French | FTC often central; US–Canada treaty exists; FBAR for Canadian accounts |
| Singapore | Employment Pass, EntrePass, Permanent Residence track | Higher | English is a working language | FEIE/FTC depends on income and tax rate; US–Singapore treaty does not exist; FBAR for local accounts |
| Netherlands | Highly skilled migrant, startup, DAFT self-employed route | Similar to higher | Dutch; English widely used | FTC often useful; US–Netherlands treaty exists; FBAR for Dutch accounts |
| South Korea | E-2, E-7, D-8 investor, workation-related routes | Lower to moderate | Korean; English common in international work/education | FEIE/FTC may apply; US–Korea treaty exists; FBAR for Korean accounts |
| Indonesia (Bali) | Remote worker, investor, second home, retirement-style routes | Lower to moderate | Indonesian; English common in Bali hubs | FEIE may help remote workers; US–Indonesia treaty exists; FBAR for Indonesian accounts |
How we chose these countries (visa ease, cost, language, safety, and US tax coordination)
We ranked 12 countries using 5 practical relocation factors: visa access, monthly affordability, English or integration ease, US travel-advisory context, and US tax coordination for 2026 filings. Countries moved higher when they offered a clear legal stay route, a realistic expat community, and fewer surprises around FEIE, FTC, treaty, FBAR, and Form 8938 reporting.
What makes the best countries for US expats in 2026? A strong destination should give you at least 1 viable visa route, predictable banking access, reliable healthcare, and enough tax documentation to support a clean US return. Countries with clear official portals and US treaty coordination score better than countries with unclear income or residency rules.
- Visa ease and renewability – 30% of the score, with extra weight for clear official portals and family options.
- Cost and income fit – 20% of the score, based on estimated housing, healthcare, groceries, and schooling pressure.
- Language and integration – 20% of the score, especially for families, professionals, and retirees.
- Safety and stability – 15% of the score, using US State Department advisory levels and destination-specific cautions.
- US tax coordination – 15% of the score, including FEIE/FTC fit, treaty availability, FBAR risk, Form 8938 thresholds, and entity-reporting exposure.
So, what are the best countries for US citizens to move to when taxes matter? Higher-tax countries such as Canada, Australia, Switzerland, and the Netherlands often pair well with the foreign tax credit, while lower-tax countries such as the UAE may require heavier reliance on the FEIE and careful estimated tax work.
What will it cost to immigrate? (fees, documents, timelines)
Initial immigration costs in 2026 can range from under $100 for some consular visa applications to more than CAD 1,525 for Canadian economic permanent residence or SGD-based Singapore work-pass costs handled through employers. Government fees rarely include translations, police certificates, apostilles, medical checks, private insurance, document courier costs, or renewal charges.
- What are the best countries to immigrate to from the US on a budget? Mexico, Costa Rica, Thailand, Portugal, and Indonesia can be more accessible at the application stage, but proof-of-income and renewal rules matter more than the first government fee. For families, school deposits and health insurance can exceed visa fees within the first 90 days.
- What are the best countries to migrate to from the US when timelines matter? Canada, Australia, the Netherlands, Singapore, and Switzerland may offer strong long-term routes, but employer sponsorship or points-based selection can take longer than a temporary residency route. The fastest legal option is usually the country where you already meet income, employer, or pension requirements.
Use this fee table as a planning filter: official government fees change often, and the safest budgeting rule is to reserve at least 2–3 months of living costs on top of application fees and document costs.
| Country | Typical initial visa fee range | Health checks or insurance | Estimated processing reality | Renewal costs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Portugal | Consular/national visa fees vary by category and post; Schengen short-stay fee commonly €90 | Insurance commonly required for visa stage | Often several weeks to months, depending on consulate and AIMA appointment availability | Residence card renewal and document costs vary |
| Mexico | US consulate visa application fee listed at about $56 in 2026 on one consulate page | Health insurance not always a visa-stage requirement, but recommended | Appointment availability varies by Mexican consulate | Residency card and renewal fees paid in Mexico |
| Costa Rica | Digital nomad application fee is $100, plus documentation and local processing costs | Insurance or coverage documentation may apply by category | Digital nomad and residency processing varies by file completeness | Renewal or extension fees vary by category |
| UAE | Employment, Green, Golden, and retirement routes vary by emirate and sponsor | Medical exam and Emirates ID are typical for residence | Often sponsor- or emirate-dependent | Renewal costs vary by visa class and emirate |
| Switzerland | Cantonal fees vary; employer-sponsored permits usually require employer process first | Health insurance is mandatory after arrival | Quota and labor-market approval can add time | Cantonal renewal fees vary |
| Thailand | Destination Thailand Visa fee is $400 through the Royal Thai Embassy in Washington, D.C. | Insurance may be required for some long-stay/retirement routes | E-visa timing varies by embassy and completeness | Extensions handled in Thailand; fees vary |
| Australia | Use Home Affairs fee calculator; subclass 189 and 482 costs vary by applicant and sponsor | Health exams and police checks may apply | Processing varies by occupation, sponsor, and points pathway | Renewal or further application costs vary |
| Canada | Express Entry economic PR principal applicant fee is CAD 1,525 before the April 30, 2026 fee increase | Medical exam and biometrics may apply | Express Entry is invitation-based; timing depends on CRS and program | PR card renewal fee is separate |
| Singapore | Employment Pass and EntrePass costs are usually handled through official MOM work-pass process | Medicals may be requested; employer insurance rules vary | Employer readiness and COMPASS scoring matter | Renewals generally up to 3 years for EP |
| Netherlands | IND self-employed and DAFT-related application fees are listed at €423 in 2026 | Health insurance required after registration | Employer-recognized sponsor routes can move faster than self-employed routes | IND renewal fees vary by purpose |
| South Korea | Visa fee and route vary by consulate and visa class | Health checks can apply by visa and job | E-2 and employment routes depend on employer documentation | Alien registration and renewal fees vary |
| Indonesia | E-visa fees vary; Second Home is listed at IDR 7,000,000 and remote-worker options have separate pricing | Insurance and proof of funds may apply | E-visa timing depends on category and completeness | Stay permit extensions vary by visa class |
Best English-speaking countries to move to from the US
The best English-speaking countries to move to from the US in 2026 are Canada, Australia, Ireland, and Singapore for most Americans seeking easier work integration. Each has at least 1 official employment or residence pathway, but costs, salary thresholds, and US tax coordination differ sharply.
What are the best countries to move to from US that speak English? Canada is strongest for proximity, Australia for lifestyle and skilled migration, Ireland for EU access and English-language work, and Singapore for Asian business access. The right choice depends on whether you qualify through points, employer sponsorship, family, or founder criteria.
English use reduces friction, but all 4 countries still require visa planning and US tax coordination for 2025 filings.
| Country | Primary visa | Language use | US tax note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | Express Entry, PNP, work permit, family sponsorship | English in most provinces; French in Quebec | FTC and US–Canada treaty often central; FBAR for accounts |
| Australia | Skilled 189, Skills in Demand 482, employer/family routes | English | FTC and US–Australia treaty; superannuation review needed |
| Ireland | Critical Skills Employment Permit, General Employment Permit, family routes | English; Irish also official | FTC and US–Ireland treaty; FBAR for Irish accounts |
| Singapore | Employment Pass, EntrePass, ONE Pass, PR track | English is widely used in business and schools | No comprehensive income tax treaty; FEIE/FTC and FBAR review needed |
Quick comparison: visas, costs, and taxes across top picks
A quick 2026 comparison shows that Mexico, Costa Rica, Thailand, Portugal, and Indonesia are usually stronger for cost, while Canada, Australia, Singapore, Switzerland, and the Netherlands are stronger for career infrastructure. US tax fit depends less on country popularity and more on whether FEIE, FTC, treaty relief, FBAR, and Form 8938 apply.
- What are the best countries to immigrate to from the US in 2026? For long-term legal residence, Canada and Australia are strong for skilled workers, Portugal and the Netherlands are strong for EU lifestyle routes, and Mexico is strong for proximity. For entrepreneurs, the best route is the one with clear entity rules and manageable US reporting.
- What are the best European countries to move to from us? Portugal, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Ireland stand out for different reasons: Portugal for lifestyle visas, the Netherlands for DAFT and English-friendly work, Switzerland for high-income roles, and Ireland for English-language EU access.
Use this matrix for first-pass screening: if you need low cost, start with Mexico, Thailand, Costa Rica, Indonesia, or Portugal; if you need English-language career depth, start with Canada, Australia, Singapore, Ireland, or the Netherlands.
| Country | Visa route | Estimated government fee cue | Cost vs. US | Language | US tax: FEIE/FTC/treaty/FBAR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Portugal | D7, D8, work, startup | D8 income benchmark about €3,680/month in 2026 | Lower to similar | Portuguese/English hubs | FEIE or FTC; treaty; FBAR |
| Mexico | Temporary/permanent resident | One consulate lists $56 visa fee and 2026 solvency thresholds | Lower | Spanish/English hubs | FTC often useful; treaty; FBAR |
| Costa Rica | Digital nomad, Rentista, Pensionado | Digital nomad income $3,000 or $4,000 with dependents | Lower to moderate | Spanish/English hubs | FEIE/FTC; no broad treaty; FBAR |
| UAE | Employment, Green, Golden, retirement | Varies by emirate; corporate tax threshold AED 375,000 | Similar to higher | English widely used | FEIE often central; FBAR; entity forms |
| Switzerland | Employer L/B permit | Quota and canton-based process | Higher | Regional languages/English | FTC often central; treaty; FBAR |
| Thailand | DTV, retirement, work | DTV fee $400 and 5-year validity | Lower | Thai/English hubs | FEIE/FTC; FBAR |
| Australia | 189, 482, employer/family | Use Home Affairs pricing estimator | Similar to higher | English | FTC often central; treaty; FBAR |
| Canada | Express Entry, PNP, work/family | Economic PR listed at CAD 1,525 before Apr. 30, 2026 rise | Similar | English/French | FTC central; treaty; FBAR |
| Singapore | EP, EntrePass, PR | EP salary starts at SGD 5,600 in 2026 | Higher | English | FEIE/FTC; no broad treaty; FBAR |
| Netherlands | Highly skilled, startup, DAFT | HSM age 30+ salary €5,942/month in 2026 | Similar to higher | Dutch/English | FTC; treaty; FBAR |
| South Korea | E-2, E-7, D-8 | Varies by consulate and visa class | Lower to similar | Korean/English hubs | FEIE/FTC; treaty; FBAR |
| Indonesia | Remote worker, second home, investor | Second Home listed at IDR 7,000,000 | Lower to moderate | Indonesian/English hubs | FEIE/FTC; treaty; FBAR |
What is the best EU country for US expats? Portugal is often the best EU choice for lifestyle and passive-income access, while the Netherlands is stronger for self-employed Americans using DAFT or professionals with a sponsoring employer. Ireland is strongest when English-language EU access matters most.
What are the best countries for Americans to move to in 2026
The best 12 countries for Americans to move to in 2026 are Portugal, Mexico, Costa Rica, the UAE, Switzerland, Thailand, Australia, Canada, Singapore, the Netherlands, South Korea, and Indonesia. Each has at least 1 practical visa route, but the right choice depends on income type, family needs, language comfort, and US tax reporting exposure.
1. Portugal
Portugal remains one of the strongest European options for Americans in 2026 because it combines at least 2 relocation routes, D7 and D8, with an EU lifestyle and a lower cost base than many Western European countries. US citizens should also plan around the $130,000 FEIE limit and the US–Portugal treaty before choosing between FEIE and FTC.
Portugal works well for remote workers, retirees, and families who want EU residence, walkable cities, beaches, and a developed expat infrastructure in Lisbon, Porto, Madeira, and the Algarve. US travelers should also note the State Department’s Portugal page, which lists Portugal as Level 1 and reminds visitors that short Schengen stays are generally limited to 90 days.
The following 4 Portugal decision points help Americans compare lifestyle and compliance quickly:
- Visa path: D7 for passive income or retirement-style income; D8 for digital nomads and remote workers.
- Language: Portuguese is needed for deeper integration, but English is common in Lisbon, Porto, and the Algarve.
- Cost vs. US: Lower in smaller cities; Lisbon and Porto rents are more competitive.
- US tax note: Take a look at our guide to US tax preparation in Portugal, then compare FEIE, FTC, treaty, and FBAR exposure.
Cost of living
Portugal can still cost less than many US cities in 2026, but Lisbon, Porto, and popular coastal areas have narrowed the gap. A single person planning on $1,700–$2,800 per month outside luxury areas has more flexibility than someone relying on a US city-center budget from 5 years ago.
Portugal is usually cheaper than major US coastal cities, but the after-tax benefit depends on whether the $130,000 FEIE or FTC gives the cleaner result.
| Expense | Portugal planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent, city center | $900–$1,900 | Often lower than New York, San Francisco, Boston, and Seattle |
| Utilities | $100–$180 | Similar or lower, depending on heating/cooling |
| Groceries | $250–$450 | Often lower, especially outside tourist zones |
| Transit | $40–$80 | Lower if you avoid car ownership |
| Dining out | $250–$550 | Lower for casual meals; higher in tourist areas |
After-tax note: a US remote worker in Portugal may use the FEIE if they meet the bona fide residence or physical presence test, but taxes paid to Portugal may make FTC more valuable in some cases. TFX explains the foreign tax credit for expats in detail.
Visa options
Portugal’s 2026 visa planning starts with official income rules, not only lifestyle preference. The D8 digital nomad route requires proof of average monthly income for the last 3 months equal to at least 4 Portuguese minimum monthly salaries, and Portugal’s 2026 minimum monthly salary is €920, making the digital nomad benchmark €3,680 per month.
Portugal’s practical visa choice usually comes down to 3 options: passive income, remote-work income of about €3,680 per month, or employer/business sponsorship.
| Visa route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| D7 passive income/residence | Retirement, rental, dividends, pension, or other recurring income; proof of subsistence and accommodation | Fees and card costs vary by consulate and AIMA stage; the residence route can lead to renewal |
| D8 digital nomad | Remote work or independent activity for non-Portuguese clients/employers; income benchmark about €3,680/month in 2026 | Fees vary by consulate; temporary stay or residence versions exist |
| Work/startup routes | Portuguese employer, recognized startup path, or business route | Fees and documents vary by route and consulate |
Use Portugal’s official visa portal to confirm documentation, and keep copies of bank statements used for income proof. If you are filing a US return from abroad, Form 2350 may help when you need extra time to meet the FEIE test; TFX’s Form 2350 extension guide explains when it applies.
Taxation
US citizens in Portugal still file a US tax return for 2025 even if all income is earned abroad. The main US tools are FEIE on Form 2555, FTC on Form 1116, treaty review, and FBAR if foreign accounts exceed $10,000 at any time during 2025.
The following 4 US tax items matter most for Americans in Portugal:
- FEIE: Up to $130,000 of qualifying foreign earned income for 2025 can be excluded if you meet the tests.
- FTC: Portuguese income tax may create credits, but you cannot credit foreign tax paid on income you exclude with FEIE.
- Treaty: Review the US–Portugal treaty through the official Treasury treaty page for pensions, employment, and residency tie-breaker issues.
- FBAR/Form 8938: Portuguese bank and brokerage accounts can trigger FBAR and, at higher thresholds, Form 8938.
Expat community
Portugal is easiest to settle into when you choose a location based on daily services, not only scenery. Lisbon, Porto, Cascais, Lagos, and Madeira each offer different tradeoffs in rent, English use, healthcare access, and airport proximity.
The following 4 integration steps reduce friction in the first 90 days:
- Register your address and keep proof of local residence for visa and tax files.
- Open a local bank account only after understanding FBAR and Form 8938 thresholds.
- Budget for private health insurance before relying on public access.
- Use the State Department Portugal page and STEP enrollment for safety updates.
Business opportunities
Portugal is attractive for small founders, freelancers, and remote operators because EU access and relatively modest operating costs can support lean businesses. US owners should not form a Portuguese company or hold shares through a local entity without reviewing Form 5471, CFC rules, PFIC exposure, FBAR, and Form 8938.
Common opportunities include remote consulting, tourism-adjacent services, software, wellness, food and wine, and real estate services. Review TFX’s guide to Form 5471 penalties before signing entity documents abroad.
2. Mexico
Mexico is one of the most practical 2026 moves for Americans because it offers proximity to the US, broad expat communities, and a temporary residence route with published consular financial thresholds. One Mexican consulate lists 2026 temporary resident proof at about $73,215 in average balances or $4,393 monthly income, though consulate thresholds vary.
Mexico fits retirees, remote workers, families, and business owners who want easier US travel and lower day-to-day costs than many American cities. The State Department assigns Mexico an overall Level 2 advisory, with different restrictions and risk levels by state, so city choice matters more than a single national label.
The following 4 Mexico decision points help narrow the fit:
- Visa path: Temporary resident, permanent resident, or employer-sponsored work authorization.
- Language: Spanish is important outside expat hubs; English is common in tourism and border areas.
- Cost vs. US: Often much lower, especially outside Mexico City, Monterrey, and premium beach zones.
- US tax note: Review US tax preparation in Mexico, then compare FTC, treaty, FBAR, and local-residency rules.
Cost of living
Mexico can be 30%–60% cheaper than major US cities, depending on location, but popular neighborhoods in Mexico City, San Miguel de Allende, Playa del Carmen, and Puerto Vallarta are no longer uniformly cheap. A single expat budget of $1,500–$2,600 per month is more realistic than assuming ultra-low rent everywhere.
Mexico can be one of the lowest-cost choices near the US, but after-tax savings depend on local residency status and whether FTC offsets Mexican income tax.
| Expense | Mexico planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent, city center | $700–$1,500 | Lower in many cities, higher in premium expat zones |
| Utilities | $60–$140 | Often lower, but air conditioning can raise costs |
| Groceries | $180–$350 | Lower for local goods; imported goods cost more |
| Transit | $20–$80 | Much lower if using metro, bus, or rideshare |
| Dining out | $180–$400 | Lower for local restaurants |
After-tax note: Mexico taxes residents on worldwide income, so the FTC may be more common than FEIE for Americans with Mexican-source wages or business income.
Visa options
Mexico’s temporary residence route is one of the clearer long-stay options for Americans, but financial thresholds vary by consulate because they are tied to Mexican wage/index formulas. A 2026 consulate page lists the temporary resident visa fee at $56 and income or savings benchmarks for US and Canadian citizens.
Mexico’s 3 common routes are temporary residence for up to 4 years, permanent residence for stronger financial or family ties, and employer-sponsored work permission.
| Visa route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| Temporary resident | Economic solvency, family tie, property, or other qualifying basis | Consular fee listed around $56 on one 2026 consulate page; residency card fees paid in Mexico |
| Permanent resident | Higher financial solvency, pension, qualifying family tie, or prior temporary residence | Consular and in-country fees vary; can lead to indefinite stay |
| Work authorization | Mexican employer or authorized activity | Employer and INM process required |
Use the Mexican consulate that serves your US residence, because income thresholds and document presentation can differ by post. Keep your income proof and exchange-rate records with your US tax file.
Taxation
US tax still applies after a move to Mexico, and Mexico can tax residents on worldwide income. For Americans paying Mexican income tax, the FTC often matters more than FEIE, while FBAR applies when Mexican bank or brokerage accounts exceed $10,000 in aggregate at any time during 2025.
The following 4 US tax items matter most for Americans in Mexico:
- US filing: File Form 1040 and report worldwide income even after becoming a Mexican resident.
- FTC: Mexican income taxes may reduce US tax on the same income through Form 1116.
- Treaty: Check the US–Mexico treaty for pensions, employment, and business profits.
- Extra reporting: Mexican accounts, corporations, trusts, and gifts may trigger FBAR, Form 8938, Form 5471, or Form 3520.
Expat community
Mexico’s expat experience varies sharply by state and city, so safety and healthcare access should be checked locally. Mexico City, San Miguel de Allende, Lake Chapala, Mérida, Puerto Vallarta, and Playa del Carmen attract US citizens for different reasons.
The following 4 settling-in steps matter in the first 60 days:
- Review the State Department Mexico advisory by state, not only at the national level.
- Choose housing based on clinic access, transit, and internet reliability.
- Set up a Mexican SIM, banking plan, and proof-of-address documents early.
- Keep US and Mexican tax records separated by year and currency.
Business opportunities
Mexico can be strong for nearshoring, consulting, tourism, real estate services, logistics, and bilingual professional work. A US person who owns shares in a Mexican corporation or controls a foreign entity may face Form 5471 filing, and Mexican funds or pooled investments can create PFIC exposure.
If you plan to incorporate, open accounts, or hold local investments, read TFX’s guide to PFIC taxes for Americans abroad before buying local mutual funds or ETFs.
3. Costa Rica
Costa Rica remains a strong 2026 option for Americans who want nature, political stability, and remote-work pathways, including a digital nomad route with a $3,000 monthly income threshold for individuals and $4,000 for families. It is best for expats who value healthcare access, outdoor lifestyle, and slower integration over big-city career density.
Costa Rica works well for retirees, remote workers, and families who want a Spanish-speaking country with established expat communities. US travelers can often enter for tourism without a visa for up to 180 days, but long stays require a proper immigration category.
The following 4 Costa Rica decision points matter most:
- Visa path: Digital nomad, Rentista, Pensionado, or investor-style route.
- Language: Spanish is important for daily life; English is common in tourism and some expat hubs.
- Cost vs. US: Lower than many US cities, but not the cheapest in Latin America.
- US tax note: Review US tax preparation in Costa Rica, then plan FEIE, FTC, FBAR, and Form 8938.
Cost of living
Costa Rica is more affordable than many US cities, but imported goods, private schooling, and beach-zone housing can push budgets higher. A single person often needs $1,800–$3,000 per month for a comfortable lifestyle, depending on location and healthcare choices.
Costa Rica is a moderate-cost choice: housing can be lower than in the US, but imported goods and private services can narrow the savings.
| Expense | Costa Rica planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent, city center | $800–$1,400 | Lower outside premium beach towns |
| Utilities | $90–$180 | Similar if air conditioning is used heavily |
| Groceries | $300–$550 | Local food lower; imported products higher |
| Transit | $50–$150 | Lower if using buses or no car |
| Dining out | $180–$400 | Lower for local meals; tourist areas higher |
After-tax note: remote workers who are not paying high local income tax may rely on FEIE if eligible. If you open Costa Rican accounts, track the $10,000 FBAR threshold from day 1.
Visa options
Costa Rica’s digital nomad route is straightforward in terms of income but still document-heavy. Official tourism materials list the remote-worker income requirement at $3,000 per month for the applicant or $4,000 per month when dependents are included, with income earned from outside Costa Rica.
Costa Rica’s 3 core residency routes are digital nomad for remote income, Pensionado for pension income, and Rentista for guaranteed income or funded support.
| Visa route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| Digital nomad | $3,000/month foreign-source income, or $4,000 with dependents | Application payment listed at $100; one-year stay with possible extension |
| Pensionado | Lifetime pension, commonly at least $1,000/month | Government and documentation fees vary |
| Rentista | Guaranteed income, commonly at least $2,500/month for 2 years | Government and documentation fees vary |
Use Costa Rica’s official immigration or digital nomad portal for current forms and payment instructions. Keep income letters, bank statements, and foreign-source contracts for both immigration and US tax records.
Taxation
US citizens in Costa Rica still file US returns, even when Costa Rica does not tax every category of foreign income the same way the US does. FEIE may help remote workers, FTC may help where Costa Rican tax is paid, and FBAR applies when local accounts exceed $10,000 combined.
The following 4 tax items matter most for Costa Rica:
- US return: File Form 1040 and report worldwide income.
- FEIE/FTC: Choose based on income type, local tax paid, and future US credit needs.
- Treaty note: There is no broad US–Costa Rica income tax treaty, so domestic rules and credits matter.
- Account reporting: FBAR and Form 8938 can apply even if the account earns little interest.
Expat community
Costa Rica has established expat hubs in the Central Valley, Gold Coast, Southern Zone, and parts of the Pacific coast. The best fit often depends on whether you prioritize hospitals, schools, beaches, or cooler mountain weather.
The following 4 integration steps help in the first 90 days:
- Choose a location based on medical access, not only scenery.
- Confirm school capacity before signing a long lease.
- Keep digital copies of immigration filings, translations, and apostilles.
- Review current State Department guidance before road trips or rural stays.
Business opportunities
Costa Rica can support eco-tourism, remote services, education, wellness, and sustainability-focused businesses. US owners of Costa Rican entities may need Form 5471, and foreign accounts used for payroll or operations can trigger FBAR.
Foreign investment structures should be reviewed before launch. US tax reporting can apply even when the Costa Rican company has no profit in year 1.
4. United Arab Emirates (UAE)
The UAE remains a major 2026 destination for high-income professionals and founders, but it now needs a stronger safety caveat because the State Department listed the UAE at Level 3, Reconsider Travel, in March 2026 due to armed conflict and terrorism risk. The zero personal income tax environment does not remove US filing obligations.
Dubai and Abu Dhabi still offer strong infrastructure, English-language business life, and multiple residence paths. For US citizens, the tax question is usually not “Do I owe UAE income tax?” but “How do I handle US tax, FEIE, self-employment tax, FBAR, and foreign entity reporting?”
The following 4 UAE decision points matter most:
- Visa path: Employment residence, Green Visa, Golden Visa, retirement route, or free-zone company route.
- Language: Arabic is the official language; English is widely used in business and daily expat life.
- Cost vs. US: Similar to higher in Dubai and Abu Dhabi, especially for schooling and housing.
- US tax note: Review our guide to US tax preparation in the UAE, then plan FEIE, FBAR, and entity forms.
Cost of living
The UAE can feel tax-efficient but not cheap. A single professional in Dubai or Abu Dhabi may need $3,000–$5,500 per month, depending on rent, transport, insurance, and lifestyle, while families can spend much more once private school fees are included.
The UAE’s no-personal-income-tax setup can improve cash flow, but housing, school fees, and US tax exposure can offset part of the benefit.
| Expense | UAE planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent, city center | $1,700–$3,000 | Similar to major US cities in premium areas |
| Utilities | $180–$400 | Air conditioning can be material |
| Groceries | $300–$600 | Imported goods can be expensive |
| Transit/car | $100–$450 | Car costs can rise quickly |
| Dining out | $300–$800 | Wide range from casual to luxury |
After-tax note: the FEIE can exclude up to $130,000 of qualifying earned income for 2025, but self-employment tax and income above the exclusion still need planning. Read TFX’s taxes for dual citizens guide if you have more than one passport.
Visa options
The UAE offers several residence routes, but eligibility depends on employment, investment, income, property, or professional status. Official UAE pages describe Golden Visa routes with 5- or 10-year terms, employment residence options, and retirement routes with financial criteria such as AED 240,000 annual income in Dubai.
The UAE’s 3 practical routes are employer-sponsored residence, self-sponsored Green or Golden Visa options, and retirement/property-linked residence.
| Visa route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| Employment residence | UAE employer sponsorship and work authorization | Fees vary by emirate, employer, medical, Emirates ID, and insurance |
| Golden/Green Visa | Investor, property owner, skilled professional, entrepreneur, or freelancer criteria | Golden routes can run 5–10 years depending on category |
| Retirement visa | Age and financial criteria, including Dubai income or savings/property routes | Usually renewable; emirate-specific fees apply |
Confirm fees through official UAE portals or the relevant emirate. Free-zone packages may bundle company setup and residence costs, but do not replace US reporting.
Taxation
The UAE generally has no personal income tax, but US citizens still file Form 1040 and report worldwide income. UAE businesses may face corporate tax at 0% up to AED 375,000 taxable income and 9% above that threshold, while US owners may face Form 5471, FBAR, and Form 8938.
The following 4 US tax items matter most in the UAE:
- US return: File even when UAE personal income tax is zero.
- FEIE: Often useful for employees who meet the physical presence or bona fide residence test.
- FTC: Less useful when no UAE personal income tax is paid on wages.
- Business forms: Free-zone or mainland company ownership can trigger Form 5471, CFC, GILTI, and FBAR reporting.
Expat community
Dubai and Abu Dhabi have large expat populations, international schools, private hospitals, and English-speaking professional networks. The 2026 safety context should be reviewed before travel, especially because the State Department ordered departure of non-emergency US government employees and family members in March 2026.
The following 4 integration steps reduce surprises:
- Check the State Department UAE advisory before booking flights.
- Price school seats and health insurance before choosing a neighborhood.
- Confirm driving-license conversion rules by emirate.
- Keep UAE bank statements for US FBAR and exchange-rate records.
Business opportunities
The UAE can be attractive for e-commerce, consulting, finance, logistics, crypto-adjacent services, AI, and regional headquarters. US founders should treat free-zone companies as foreign entities for US reporting, not as a tax-free shortcut.
A UAE business bank account can trigger FBAR even if the company is new. Go through TFX’s guide to Form 5471 penalties before opening a foreign corporation.
5. Switzerland
Switzerland is one of the strongest 2026 choices for high-income professionals and families who value safety, healthcare, schools, and infrastructure, but it is not an easy low-cost relocation. Non-EU citizens typically need employer sponsorship, labor-market approval, and quota availability, while US tax coordination often leans toward the FTC because Swiss taxes can be substantial.
Switzerland works best when the move is tied to a job offer, multinational transfer, family route, or high-income professional plan. It is less practical for Americans seeking a low-cost digital nomad base.
The following 4 Switzerland decision points matter most:
- Visa path: Employer-sponsored L or B permit, family route, or longer-term C permit after qualifying residence.
- Language: German, French, Italian, or Romansh by canton; English is common in finance and multinational workplaces.
- Cost vs. US: Higher than most US cities, especially Zurich and Geneva.
Cost of living
Switzerland is one of the highest-cost countries on this list. A single person in Zurich or Geneva may need $4,000–$6,500 per month for rent, insurance, groceries, transport, and ordinary lifestyle costs.
Switzerland is rarely a budget move, but the FTC can be valuable when Swiss income taxes reduce US tax on the same earnings.
| Expense | Switzerland planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent, city center | $2,000–$3,400 | Similar to or higher than major US cities |
| Utilities | $220–$380 | Often separate from rent |
| Groceries | $550–$850 | Higher than US average |
| Transit | $100–$250 | Excellent public transit can reduce car need |
| Dining out | $350–$800 | Higher than most US cities |
After-tax note: US citizens in Switzerland commonly compare FTC against FEIE because Swiss tax and social charges can generate useful credits. TFX’s Form 6166 certification guide can help where residency certification questions arise.
Visa options
Switzerland is more restrictive for Americans than many EU lifestyle destinations. A stay over 3 months generally requires a permit, and third-country workers are commonly admitted only when Swiss/EU/EFTA recruitment is not available and quota rules are satisfied.
Switzerland’s 3 common status categories are L permits for short stays, B permits for longer residence, and C permits after qualifying residence.
| Permit route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| L permit | Short-term employment or limited assignment | Fees and validity vary by canton and contract |
| B permit | Longer employment or qualifying residence basis | Usually tied to employer and canton for non-EU citizens |
| C permit | Settlement after qualifying years of residence | US citizens may qualify after 5 years in some cases, subject to conditions |
Use official Swiss federal and cantonal pages before accepting an offer. Employer sponsorship does not remove US tax reporting.
Taxation
Switzerland taxes residents on worldwide income and, in many cantons, wealth. US citizens still file US returns, and the US–Switzerland treaty, FTC, FBAR, and Form 8938 should be reviewed before opening accounts or holding Swiss investments.
The following 4 tax items matter most in Switzerland:
- FTC: Often central because Swiss income tax can offset US tax on the same income.
- Treaty: Useful for pensions, employment income, and residency issues, but not a substitute for filing.
- FBAR/Form 8938: Swiss accounts can trigger US foreign account and asset reporting.
- PFIC: Swiss funds and non-US pooled investments can create punitive US tax treatment.
Expat community
Zurich, Geneva, Basel, Lausanne, and Zug offer strong expat networks, international schools, and multinational employers. Integration improves quickly when you choose a canton based on language, tax, commute, and school availability instead of scenery alone.
The following 4 first-year steps matter in Switzerland:
- Register locally within the required canton/commune timeline.
- Buy mandatory health insurance soon after arrival.
- Confirm whether a Swiss bank will accept US citizens under FATCA procedures.
- Review State Department Switzerland guidance and local emergency numbers.
Business opportunities
Switzerland is strong for finance, pharmaceuticals, biotech, engineering, medical technology, and precision manufacturing. US founders should review local company tax and US entity reporting before forming a GmbH or AG.
Swiss investments can be US tax-sensitive. Take a look at TFX’s PFIC tax guide before buying local funds.
6. Thailand
Thailand is a strong 2026 option for remote workers, retirees, and lifestyle-focused expats because the Destination Thailand Visa offers a 5-year visa with a $400 fee through the Thai Embassy in Washington, D.C. Cost of living can be low, but US citizens still need FEIE, FBAR, and local tax-residency review.
Thailand fits digital nomads, retirees over 50, and expats who want strong healthcare access in Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Phuket, or Pattaya. The State Department lists Thailand at Level 2 and warns against travel along the Cambodian and Thai border due to armed conflict.
The following 4 Thailand decision points matter most:
- Visa path: Destination Thailand Visa, retirement visa, Long-Term Resident, or employer work permit.
- Language: Thai is needed for deeper integration; English is common in expat and tourism zones.
- Cost vs. US: Lower in most locations, higher in premium Bangkok and island areas.
Cost of living
Thailand can offer one of the strongest quality-of-life-to-cost ratios in 2026. A single person can often plan $1,200–$2,500 per month, depending on city, housing quality, health insurance, and how often they use imported goods or private hospitals.
Thailand is budget-friendly for many Americans, but medical insurance, visa renewals, and US tax compliance still need a separate budget.
| Expense | Thailand planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent, city center | $400–$1,200 | Much lower than many US cities |
| Utilities | $80–$180 | Air conditioning can raise costs |
| Groceries | $220–$450 | Local food lower; imported items higher |
| Transit | $50–$180 | Lower if using BTS/MRT, rideshare, or scooters carefully |
| Dining out | $200–$500 | Lower for local food; higher for Western restaurants |
After-tax note: FEIE may be useful for qualifying remote workers, but bank balances and Thai accounts still count for FBAR. Keep month-end account maximums for US reporting.
Visa options
Thailand’s Destination Thailand Visa changed the planning map for remote workers because it is officially listed as valid for 5 years and available for workcation, digital nomad, remote worker, foreign talent, freelancer, soft-power activities, and qualifying family members. Retirement routes still require age and financial documentation.
Thailand’s 3 practical routes are the DTV for remote workers, O-A/O retirement routes for age 50+, and work permits for local employment.
| Visa route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| Destination Thailand Visa | Digital nomad, remote worker, freelancer, soft-power activity, spouse/children under 20 | $400; visa validity listed as 5 years |
| O-A long-stay retirement | Age 50+ with financial and health-insurance documentation | Embassy fee and insurance requirements vary |
| Work permit/employment | Thai employer and approved role | Employer-led process; fees vary |
Use the official Thai e-visa and embassy pages for your jurisdiction. Visa validity and allowed stay are not always the same thing.
Also read. Thailand digital nomad visa for expats
Taxation
US citizens in Thailand still file US tax returns, and Thailand tax residency can arise after 180 days. FEIE may help remote workers, FTC may help where Thai income tax is paid, and FBAR applies if Thai accounts exceed $10,000 combined.
The following 4 tax items matter most in Thailand:
- US filing: Report worldwide income on Form 1040.
- FEIE: Useful when foreign earned income and physical presence requirements are met.
- Local rules: Confirm Thai treatment of remitted foreign income with a local tax professional.
- FBAR/Form 8938: Thai bank and brokerage accounts may need US reporting.
Expat community
Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Phuket, and Pattaya all have established expat networks, but they serve different lifestyles. Bangkok is strongest for business and healthcare, Chiang Mai for a remote-work community, Phuket for island living, and Pattaya for a lower-cost coastal life.
The following 4 steps help new arrivals settle:
- Choose hospitals and insurance before choosing a condo.
- Check air quality seasonally, especially in northern Thailand.
- Review travel advisories before border-region trips.
- Keep visa entry stamps and extension records with tax-year travel logs.
Business opportunities
Thailand is strong for tourism, wellness, education, e-commerce, food, and remote services, but local work restrictions must be respected. US founders should review entity ownership limits and US reporting before forming a Thai company or signing nominee arrangements.
A Thai company or foreign brokerage account can trigger Form 5471 or PFIC reporting. Keep ownership percentages, bank statements, and local filings by calendar year.
7. Australia
Australia is one of the strongest English-speaking 2026 options for skilled Americans, families, and professionals in healthcare, engineering, education, technology, and trades. It is not a cheap move, and the Business Innovation and Investment subclass 188 route has been closed to new applications since July 31, 2024, so skilled and employer routes matter more.
Australia works best for Americans who can qualify through points, employer sponsorship, state nomination, or a shortage occupation. US tax coordination often leans toward the FTC because Australian tax can be significant.
The following 4 Australia decision points matter most:
- Visa path: Skilled Independent 189, Skills in Demand subclass 482, employer nomination, partner, or student-to-skilled pathway.
- Language: English.
- Cost vs. US: Similar to higher in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane.
- US tax note: Read through our guide on US tax preparation in Australia, then plan FTC, treaty, FBAR, and superannuation treatment.
Cost of living
Australia’s costs are high in major cities, especially for rent, childcare, and domestic travel. A single person may need $3,200–$5,500 per month in Sydney or Melbourne, while regional cities may offer lower rent with fewer job options.
Australia is best viewed as a quality-of-life and career move, not a low-cost move; the FTC can help coordinate Australian and US income tax.
| Expense | Australia planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent, city center | $1,500–$2,700 | Similar to many US coastal cities |
| Utilities | $180–$300 | Similar |
| Groceries | $350–$650 | Similar to higher |
| Transit | $100–$220 | City-dependent |
| Dining out | $300–$700 | Similar to higher |
After-tax note: Australian wages and taxes often make FTC more practical than FEIE. Australian superannuation can have complex US tax treatment, so document employer contributions carefully.
Visa options
Australia’s official Home Affairs system is route-specific, and fees should be checked through the official visa pricing estimator. The subclass 189 skilled visa can offer permanent residence without employer sponsorship, while the Skills in Demand subclass 482 is employer-sponsored.
Australia’s 3 practical routes are points-based skilled migration, employer-sponsored work, and family/partner routes; the old subclass 188 business route is closed to new applications.
| Visa route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| Skilled Independent 189 | Points-tested skilled occupation and invitation | Fee varies by applicant; use Home Affairs pricing estimator |
| Skills in Demand 482 | Employer sponsorship for eligible occupations | Employer and applicant costs vary by stream |
| Partner/family routes | Qualifying relationship or family sponsorship | Fees and processing vary |
Use Australia’s official Home Affairs pages for occupation lists, health checks, character checks, and current fees. Do not rely on the closed subclass 188 route for new planning.
Taxation
US citizens in Australia file US returns and may also become Australian tax residents. FTC is often central because Australia taxes residents on worldwide income, and the US–Australia treaty provisions may matter for pensions, employment, and double-tax coordination.
The following 4 tax items matter most in Australia:
- FTC: Often stronger than FEIE when Australian tax is high.
- Treaty: Review treaty treatment for pensions, employment income, and residency.
- Superannuation: US reporting and tax treatment can be fact-specific.
- FBAR/Form 8938: Australian bank, super, and investment accounts need review.
Expat community
Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, and Canberra all have US expats and international communities. Families should compare school zones, commute times, health coverage, and rental availability before choosing a city.
The following 4 integration steps matter in Australia:
- Get a tax file number after arrival.
- Confirm Medicare eligibility or private insurance requirements.
- Keep superannuation statements for US tax review.
- Review State Department Australia guidance and local disaster alerts.
Business opportunities
Australia offers opportunities in healthcare, mining services, education, software, renewable energy, agriculture technology, and professional services. US owners of Australian companies may need Form 5471, and Australian-managed funds can create PFIC exposure.
Review foreign entity and investment reporting before buying local funds or setting up a Pty Ltd company. US reporting can apply even when the business is fully taxed in Australia.
8. Canada
Canada is one of the most practical 2026 choices for Americans because it combines proximity, English-speaking cities, strong healthcare systems, and formal immigration routes such as Express Entry. It is not automatically easy: Canadian permanent residence fees rise on April 30, 2026, and the Start-Up Visa Program is paused for new commitment certificates as of January 1, 2026.
Canada fits families, professionals, and dual-career households that want cultural familiarity and cross-border access. For taxes, the FTC and the US–Canada treaty are often more important than FEIE because Canadian income tax can be high.
The following 4 Canada decision points matter most:
- Visa path: Express Entry, Provincial Nominee Program, work permit, family sponsorship, or partner route.
- Language: English in most provinces; French is important in Quebec and useful elsewhere.
- Cost vs. US: Similar in Toronto and Vancouver; lower in some smaller cities.
NOTE! Review US tax preparation in Canada and TFX’s guide on moving to Canada, then plan FTC, treaty, FBAR, and registered-account treatment.
Cost of living
Canada’s affordability depends heavily on the city. Toronto and Vancouver can be expensive, while Calgary, Ottawa, Halifax, Winnipeg, and smaller cities can offer more space for the same income.
Canada is a familiar but not always cheaper move; FTC coordination is often central because Canadian tax can offset US tax on the same income.
| Expense | Canada planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent, city center | $1,300–$2,500 | Similar in major cities; lower in smaller markets |
| Utilities | $120–$260 | Similar |
| Groceries | $300–$600 | Similar to higher depending on province |
| Transit | $80–$160 | Similar |
| Dining out | $250–$600 | Similar |
After-tax note: Americans in Canada often rely on the FTC rather than the FEIE because Canadian tax rates can be high and Canadian-source income creates local filing duties.
Visa options
Canada’s Express Entry system manages 3 skilled-worker programs:
- Canadian Experience Class,
- Federal Skilled Worker, and
- Federal Skilled Trades.
As of April 30, 2026, permanent residence fees increase, including the right of permanent residence fee rising from CAD 575 to CAD 600.
Canada’s 3 practical routes are Express Entry, provincial nomination or work permit, and family sponsorship; the Start-Up Visa route is paused for most new planning in 2026.
| Visa route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| Express Entry | Skilled worker profile, CRS score, invitation to apply | Principal applicant economic PR fee listed at CAD 1,525 before April 30, 2026 increase |
| Work permit/PNP | Employer, province, or eligible permit category | Fees and processing vary by route |
| Start-Up Visa | Valid 2025 commitment certificate only; new commitment certificates stopped after Dec. 31, 2025 | Open only for valid 2025 certificates until June 30, 2026 |
Use IRCC’s official fee list and processing tools before budgeting. Canada’s Start-Up Visa Program should not be presented as broadly open for new applicants in 2026.
Taxation
Canada taxes residents on worldwide income, and US citizens still file US returns. The US–Canada treaty, FTC, FBAR, Form 8938, RRSP reporting, and Canadian corporation rules should be reviewed before relocation.
The following 4 tax items matter most in Canada:
- FTC: Often central because Canadian income tax can offset US tax.
- Treaty: Relevant for pensions, residency, employment, and double-tax coordination.
- Registered accounts: RRSPs, TFSAs, RESPs, and other accounts can have different US treatment.
- FBAR/Form 8938: Canadian accounts can trigger US reporting even when fully compliant in Canada.
Expat community
Toronto, Vancouver, Montreal, Calgary, Ottawa, and Halifax are common choices for Americans. The best city depends on job market, housing, schools, healthcare access, and tolerance for winter.
The following 4 first-year steps matter in Canada:
- Apply for provincial health coverage as soon as eligible.
- Keep US and Canadian tax residency dates documented.
- Review cross-border bank and investment accounts before moving assets.
- Check the State Department Canada page before long road trips or border moves.
Business opportunities
Canada is strong in technology, healthcare, clean energy, engineering, education, and cross-border services. US owners of Canadian corporations can face Form 5471, and Canadian mutual funds or ETFs can create PFIC reporting.
Based on our client scenario at TFX: a US citizen who moved to Ontario, opened a Canadian corporation, and left CAD 18,000 across 2 operating accounts, created both Form 5471 and FBAR review needs. The business was locally compliant, but the US forms still mattered.
9. Singapore
Singapore is one of the strongest 2026 choices for high-income professionals, founders, and families who want English-language infrastructure, safety, and Asian market access. The Employment Pass minimum qualifying salary is SGD 5,600 for most sectors in 2026, with higher financial-services thresholds and age-based increases.
Singapore is expensive, but it offers efficient public services, strong schools, and a clear work-pass framework. US citizens should note that Singapore does not have a comprehensive US income tax treaty, so FEIE, FTC, FBAR, and Form 8938 need careful handling.
The following 4 Singapore decision points matter most:
- Visa path: Employment Pass, EntrePass, ONE Pass, S Pass, or Permanent Residence track.
- Language: English is widely used in business, schools, and government services.
- Cost vs. US: Higher, especially rent and international schooling.
Cost of living
Singapore is one of the most expensive destinations on this list. A single professional may need $4,000–$7,000 per month depending on rent, while families can spend much more once school and larger housing are included.
Singapore is best for career access and safety, not low monthly cost; US tax relief depends on income level and Singapore tax paid.
| Expense | Singapore planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent, city center | $2,800–$4,500 | Similar to or higher than major US cities |
| Utilities | $150–$350 | Similar |
| Groceries | $300–$650 | Higher for imports |
| Transit | $70–$180 | Lower if using MRT/bus |
| Dining out | $250–$700 | Hawker centers low; restaurants high |
After-tax note: Singapore tax can be lower than US tax for high earners, so FEIE may be important. Account reporting still applies if local balances exceed US thresholds.
Visa options
Singapore’s Employment Pass framework is salary- and points-based. In 2026, EP candidates generally need at least SGD 5,600 per month outside financial services, with financial services starting at SGD 6,200 and age-based increases up to SGD 10,700 or SGD 11,800 before the 2027 changes.
Singapore’s 3 practical routes are Employment Pass for professionals, EntrePass for venture-backed or innovative founders, and PR after a sustained qualifying stay.
| Visa route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| Employment Pass | Professional, manager, executive, or specialist meeting salary and COMPASS rules | First-time pass up to 2 years; renewal up to 3 years |
| EntrePass | Private limited company that is venture-backed or owns innovative technology; founder holds at least 30% | Documents include business plan and passport page; fees set by MOM |
| Permanent Residence | Long-term qualifying residence, employment, or family basis | Government review is discretionary |
Use Singapore’s Ministry of Manpower pages for current salary thresholds and pass criteria. A 2026 MOM factsheet also announced EP threshold increases starting January 1, 2027.
Taxation
Singapore taxes resident individuals at progressive rates and generally does not tax capital gains, but US citizens still file US returns. Because there is no comprehensive US–Singapore income tax treaty, US domestic rules, FEIE, FTC, FBAR, and Form 8938 often do the heavy lifting.
The following 4 tax items matter most in Singapore:
- FEIE: May help where Singapore tax is lower than US tax.
- FTC: Useful only to the extent Singapore income tax is paid on the same income.
- Treaty: No comprehensive US–Singapore income tax treaty, so confirm narrow agreements separately.
- FBAR/Form 8938: Singapore bank, brokerage, and CPF-related questions need review.
Expat community
Singapore has one of the easiest English-speaking integrations in Asia, with strong public transit, private healthcare, international schools, and professional networks. Housing choice should be driven by commute, school access, and budget.
The following 4 steps help new residents settle:
- Confirm Employment Pass eligibility before resigning from a US job.
- Budget for rent deposits and school fees early.
- Keep Singapore tax notices and employment letters for FTC documentation.
- Review State Department Singapore guidance and local laws before travel.
Business opportunities
Singapore is strong for finance, regional headquarters, logistics, software, biotech, AI, and venture-backed startups. US founders using a Singapore company should review Form 5471, CFC rules, GILTI, transfer pricing, and FBAR before opening accounts.
Singapore funds or non-US pooled investments can create PFIC issues for Americans. Go through TFX’s PFIC taxes guide before investing locally.
10. Netherlands
The Netherlands is one of the strongest 2026 EU options for Americans because it combines English-friendly workplaces, strong infrastructure, and the Dutch-American Friendship Treaty self-employed route. Highly skilled migrants age 30 or older must meet a 2026 gross monthly salary threshold of €5,942 without holiday pay, while younger applicants have a lower threshold.
The Netherlands fits professionals, founders, families, and self-employed Americans who want EU access without giving up a highly international work environment. It is not low-cost, and housing shortages can be the largest practical barrier.
The following 4 Netherlands decision points matter most:
- Visa path: Highly skilled migrant, startup permit, DAFT/self-employed route, or family route.
- Language: Dutch helps daily life, but English is widely used in business and cities.
- Cost vs. US: Similar to higher in Amsterdam, Utrecht, and Rotterdam.
NOTE! Before moving, first read our guide to US tax preparation in the Netherlands, then plan FTC, treaty, FBAR, and the 30% facility.
Cost of living
The Netherlands can be expensive, especially for housing in Amsterdam, Utrecht, The Hague, and Rotterdam. A single person may need $3,000–$5,000 per month depending on rent, health insurance, and transport.
The Netherlands can be tax- and career-efficient for professionals, but rent pressure makes city choice the biggest budget variable.
| Expense | Netherlands planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent, city center | $1,700–$2,800 | Similar to many US major cities |
| Utilities | $160–$300 | Similar |
| Groceries | $300–$550 | Similar or lower than some US cities |
| Transit | $90–$180 | Lower if bike/transit replaces car |
| Dining out | $250–$650 | Similar |
After-tax note: Dutch tax can make FTC useful, while the 30% facility may reduce Dutch taxable wages for eligible employees. Coordinate the Dutch benefit with US reporting before assuming a net tax result.
Visa options
The Netherlands has several clear official routes, including highly skilled migrant sponsorship, startup residence, and self-employed residence. The IND’s 2026 required salary amounts list €5,942 per month for highly skilled migrants age 30 and over, €4,357 under age 30, and €3,122 under the reduced criterion.
The Netherlands’ 3 practical routes are highly skilled migrant sponsorship, startup residence, and the DAFT/self-employed route for Americans.
| Visa route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| Highly skilled migrant | Recognized sponsor employer and 2026 salary threshold | Employer applies; salary thresholds are updated yearly |
| Startup permit | Innovative business and approved facilitator | Usually 1-year startup route before possible self-employed status |
| DAFT/self-employed | US entrepreneur under Dutch-American Friendship Treaty/self-employed route | IND self-employed application fee listed at €423 in 2026 |
Use IND’s official pages for required amounts and fees. The DAFT route can be powerful, but it still requires business substance, registration, and US tax reporting.
Taxation
Dutch residents are generally taxed on worldwide income, and US citizens still file US returns. FTC, the US–Netherlands treaty, FBAR, Form 8938, and foreign entity rules matter, especially for entrepreneurs and investors.
The following 4 tax items matter most in the Netherlands:
- FTC: Often useful because Dutch tax can be significant.
- Treaty: Review for pensions, employment, residency, and business issues.
- 30% facility: Eligible employees may receive up to 30% of salary tax-free in the Netherlands for up to 5 years, subject to thresholds and conditions.
- FBAR/Form 8938: Dutch accounts and investments can trigger US reporting.
Expat community
Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, Utrecht, Eindhoven, and Leiden have strong international communities. Housing scarcity can make temporary accommodation and school placement more important than neighborhood preference.
The following 4 integration steps help in the Netherlands:
- Register with the municipality and obtain a BSN.
- Arrange Dutch health insurance within the required window.
- Confirm school and childcare availability before choosing a lease.
- Keep Dutch payroll and 30% ruling documents for US tax files.
Business opportunities
The Netherlands is strong for logistics, software, clean energy, food technology, finance, and design. US entrepreneurs using a Dutch BV or DAFT structure should review Form 5471, CFC rules, VAT obligations, FBAR, and PFIC exposure before formation.
Local compliance and US compliance are separate. A Dutch accountant may not identify all US international forms.
11. South Korea
South Korea is a strong 2026 option for Americans in education, technology, entertainment-adjacent work, manufacturing, and multinational employment. Common visa routes include E-2 teaching, E-7 specialized work, and D-8 investment, while US tax coordination can involve FEIE, FTC, the US–Korea treaty, and FBAR.
South Korea is best for Americans with a job, teaching contract, employer transfer, investor plan, or strong cultural and language interest. Seoul and Busan offer dense infrastructure and healthcare access, but Korean language skills matter for deeper integration.
The following 4 South Korea decision points matter most:
- Visa path: E-2, E-7, D-8, family, study, or long-stay workation-related route if eligible.
- Language: Korean is important; English is common in international business and education.
- Cost vs. US: Lower to similar depending on Seoul housing.
Cost of living
South Korea can be affordable compared with major US cities, but housing deposits, Seoul rents, and international schooling can change the math. A single expat may need $2,200–$3,800 per month depending on neighborhood and housing arrangement.
South Korea can offer strong infrastructure at a lower cost than many US cities, but housing deposits and school fees need early planning.
| Expense | South Korea planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent, city center | $800–$1,800 | Lower than many US major cities, but deposits can be high |
| Utilities | $130–$260 | Similar |
| Groceries | $300–$600 | Similar; imported goods higher |
| Transit | $50–$100 | Lower and highly reliable |
| Dining out | $200–$500 | Lower for local meals |
After-tax note: FEIE may help eligible teachers and employees, while FTC may be useful where Korean tax is paid. Keep Korean withholding records and year-end settlement forms.
Visa options
South Korea’s long-stay routes are tied closely to work, teaching, investment, study, or family status. E-2 visas are common for English teachers, E-7 visas for specialized workers, and D-8 visas for qualifying investors or business operators.
South Korea’s 3 practical routes are E-2 teaching, E-7 specialized employment, and D-8 investment or business activity.
| Visa route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| E-2 | Native English teaching contract and required documents | Consular fee and alien registration costs vary |
| E-7 | Specialized occupation and Korean employer support | Employer-led documentation required |
| D-8 | Investment or business operation meeting Korean requirements | Investment documentation and registration required |
Use Korea’s official visa portal and consulate pages for current forms and fees. Keep apostilled degrees, background checks, and employment contracts organized.
Taxation
US citizens in South Korea file US returns and may also file Korean tax returns or year-end settlements. The US–Korea treaty, FEIE, FTC, FBAR, and local pension or social security coordination should be reviewed by income type.
The following 4 tax items matter most in South Korea:
- FEIE/FTC: Choose based on Korean tax paid and long-term credit needs.
- Treaty: Review employment, pension, and residency provisions.
- Flat-tax option: Some foreign workers may have Korean special tax options that need local confirmation.
- FBAR/Form 8938: Korean bank and investment accounts can trigger US reporting.
Expat community
Seoul, Busan, Incheon, Daegu, and Daejeon have expat communities tied to schools, universities, military-adjacent services, and multinational employers. Integration improves when housing, commute, and language support are planned together.
The following 4 steps help Americans settle in Korea:
- Arrange alien registration within the required timeline after arrival.
- Set up a Korean phone number for banking and services.
- Keep Korean payroll and withholding statements for US tax records.
- Review State Department South Korea guidance and local emergency contacts.
Business opportunities
South Korea is strong for technology, education, consumer products, entertainment, gaming, manufacturing, and advanced materials. US investors should review Korean entity ownership, Form 5471, FBAR, PFIC exposure, and withholding before investing.
A small Korean company can still create a US international information-return obligation. Track ownership percentages and accounting periods from formation.
12. Indonesia (Bali)
Indonesia, especially Bali, remains attractive in 2026 for remote workers, wellness founders, retirees, and lifestyle-focused Americans, but visa accuracy matters. Indonesia’s official e-visa system lists remote worker, second home, investor, and retirement-style categories, including a Second Home visa with a listed cost of IDR 7,000,000 and stay up to 5 years.
Bali is best for Americans with foreign-source income, remote work, or lifestyle businesses that do not require unauthorized local work. US citizens still need US tax filing, FEIE/FTC review, FBAR, and treaty analysis.
The following 4 Indonesia decision points matter most:
- Visa path: Remote worker, second home, investor, retirement-style, or business visit route.
- Language: Indonesian helps daily life; English is common in Bali expat hubs.
- Cost vs. US: Lower to moderate, depending on villa, school, and healthcare choices.
Cost of living
Bali can be affordable, but popular areas such as Canggu, Ubud, Seminyak, and Sanur have become more expensive. A single person may need $1,800–$3,500 per month for comfortable housing, coworking, insurance, transport, and visas.
Indonesia can be lower-cost than the US, but Bali’s premium neighborhoods and villa leases can reduce the savings quickly.
| Expense | Indonesia/Bali planning range | US comparison note |
|---|---|---|
| 1BR rent/villa | $800–$2,000 | Lower than US coastal cities, higher in premium Bali zones |
| Utilities | $80–$180 | Air conditioning can raise costs |
| Groceries | $250–$550 | Local goods lower; imports higher |
| Transport | $50–$200 | Scooter/car arrangements vary |
| Dining out | $250–$650 | Local food lower; Western cafes higher |
After-tax note: FEIE may help qualifying remote workers, but Indonesian accounts and local company ownership can create FBAR, Form 8938, or Form 5471 obligations.
Visa options
Indonesia’s official e-visa portal lists multiple long-stay categories, including remote worker and second home routes. The Second Home page lists a stay up to 5 years and a cost of IDR 7,000,000, while other remote-worker visa pages show separate stay periods and pricing depending on category.
Indonesia’s 3 practical routes are remote worker, second home, and investor or retirement-style stay permits.
| Visa route | Typical eligibility | Estimated government fees and duration |
|---|---|---|
| Remote worker | Work for a company outside Indonesia, with official e-visa category requirements | Fees vary by stay period and category |
| Second Home | Financial sufficiency and long-stay purpose | Listed at IDR 7,000,000, up to 5 years |
| Investor/PT PMA | Investment or company structure meeting Indonesian rules | Fees and capital rules vary by structure |
Use Indonesia’s official e-visa website before applying. Be careful not to treat a visitor visa as permission to work locally.
Taxation
US citizens in Indonesia still file US tax returns, and Indonesian tax residency can create local obligations. FEIE may help if the income is foreign earned income and the US tests are met, while FTC may help where Indonesian tax is paid.
The following 4 tax items matter most in Indonesia:
- US filing: Report worldwide income on Form 1040.
- Treaty: Review the US–Indonesia treaty for employment, business, pension, and residency issues.
- FBAR/Form 8938: Indonesian bank and brokerage accounts may be reportable.
- Entity reporting: PT PMA or other foreign company ownership can trigger Form 5471.
Expat community
Bali’s expat hubs include Canggu, Ubud, Sanur, Seminyak, and Uluwatu, each with different costs and infrastructure. Healthcare and evacuation coverage should be considered before relying on island clinics.
The following 4 Bali settling steps matter in the first 60 days:
- Choose housing with reliable internet and legal lease documentation.
- Confirm health insurance and evacuation coverage.
- Keep visa extension receipts and entry/exit records.
- Review State Department Indonesia guidance before regional travel.
Business opportunities
Indonesia can support wellness, hospitality, remote services, creative production, education, and tourism-adjacent businesses, but local ownership and employment rules need careful review. US owners of Indonesian companies may need Form 5471 and FBAR even when the company is small.
Foreign pooled investments can also create PFIC exposure. Review US reporting before buying Indonesian funds or taking shares in a local business.
US tax must-knows before relocating
US citizens and resident aliens abroad generally file US tax returns on worldwide income, even after moving in 2026. For the 2025 tax year, the FEIE limit is $130,000 per qualifying person, FBAR applies above $10,000 in foreign accounts, and Form 8938 may apply at higher foreign-asset thresholds.
The following 6 US tax steps should be checked before moving abroad:
- File Form 1040 if your income meets US filing thresholds, even when all income is foreign.
- Compare FEIE on Form 2555 with FTC on Form 1116 before choosing a country.
- Use the physical presence test guide if you plan to qualify by spending at least 330 full days abroad in a 12-month period.
- File an FBAR if foreign accounts exceed $10,000 in aggregate at any point during 2025.
- Review Form 8938 if specified foreign financial assets exceed $200,000 at year-end or $300,000 at any time for many single taxpayers living abroad, with doubled thresholds for joint filers.
- Check Form 5471, Form 8621, Form 3520, and treaty issues before opening companies, buying foreign funds, or receiving large foreign gifts.
Based on our client scenario at TFX: a US software consultant moved to Portugal in July 2025 and earned $145,000 during the year. Because the 2025 FEIE limit is $130,000 and partial-year qualification can reduce the available exclusion, the client needed both travel-day tracking and FTC analysis before choosing Form 2555 or Form 1116.
The following 4 US deadlines should be added to your 2026 relocation calendar:
- April 15, 2026: US tax payment deadline for 2025 tax owed, even if living abroad.
- June 15, 2026: automatic 2-month filing deadline for many taxpayers living abroad.
- October 15, 2026: extended filing deadline if a valid extension is used.
- October 15, 2026: automatic extended FBAR deadline if the April 15 FBAR date is missed.
Safety and travel advisories to check before you go
Every 2026 relocation shortlist should be checked against the US State Department’s travel advisories before booking flights, signing leases, or wiring deposits. The advisory system uses 4 levels, from Level 1, Exercise normal precautions, to Level 4, Do not travel, and conditions can change quickly.
The following 5 safety checks belong in every relocation file:
- Check the State Department advisory and destination country page within 30 days of travel.
- Enroll in STEP for embassy alerts and emergency contact support.
- Confirm passport validity, visa documents, and medication legality.
- Buy health and evacuation coverage that matches the destination and planned activities.
- Keep digital and paper copies of passports, visas, insurance, tax IDs, and emergency contacts.
Use official advisories as a living checklist: Portugal, Switzerland, Australia, and Canada were listed as Level 1 in the sourced pages, while Mexico and Thailand require more regional caution, and the UAE had a Level 3 advisory in March 2026.
| Country | Advisory planning note | Practical relocation action |
|---|---|---|
| Portugal | Level 1 in Dec. 2025 advisory | Watch petty theft in tourist and transit areas |
| Mexico | State-specific risks under Level 2 national context | Review the exact state before choosing a city |
| Costa Rica | Check live State Department page before travel | Confirm road, healthcare, and rural safety context |
| UAE | Level 3 in Mar. 2026 advisory | Reassess timing and insurance before relocation |
| Switzerland | Level 1 in May 2025 advisory | Plan mountain and insurance risks carefully |
| Thailand | Level 2 in 2026 advisory, with border warnings | Avoid listed border areas and track unrest updates |
| Australia | Level 1 in 2025 advisory | Plan for natural disaster and health coverage needs |
| Canada | Level 1 in 2025 advisory | Prepare border documents and minor-travel letters |
| Singapore | Level 1: Exercise normal precautions. | Review strict local laws, medication rules, and entry requirements before travel. |
| Netherlands | Level 2: Exercise increased caution | Monitor demonstrations, transit disruptions, terrorism-related advisories, and bike-safety risks before choosing housing or signing a lease |
| South Korea | Level 1: Exercise normal precautions | Track regional security updates, local alerts, and embassy messages before and after arrival. |
| Indonesia | Check live State Department page | Review regional, volcano, and ferry/road safety risks |
Conclusion
The best country to move to from the US in 2026 is the one where you can stay legally, afford daily life, integrate realistically, and file clean US tax returns for the 2025 tax year. Many of these countries all work for different profiles, but none remove the US filing by itself.
So, what are the best countries to live outside of the US for Americans who want balance? Portugal, Mexico, Costa Rica, Canada, and Australia usually offer the broadest mix of lifestyle, visas, community, and tax coordination. Higher earners may prefer Singapore, Switzerland, the Netherlands, or the UAE if career or business access outweighs cost.
Also, what are the best countries to expatriate to from the US if taxes are the deciding factor? High-tax destinations often pair better with FTC, while lower-tax destinations require more FEIE and estimated-tax planning. The best foreign country for us expats is not always the lowest-tax country; it is the country where immigration, banking, and US reporting all fit.
The following 5-step decision checklist should be completed before relocation:
- Confirm your legal stay route and renewal path.
- Price rent, health insurance, school costs, and 3 months of cash reserves.
- Choose FEIE, FTC, or a mixed approach for the 2025 tax year.
- Check FBAR, Form 8938, Form 5471, Form 8621, and treaty issues before opening accounts or entities.
- Review the current State Department advisory and enroll in STEP.
TFX can help you compare the US tax side before you move, including FEIE eligibility, foreign tax credits, foreign bank accounts, and business ownership forms.
FAQ
Yes. US citizens and green card holders generally file US tax returns reporting worldwide income even when they live abroad for all 12 months of 2025. Tax tools such as FEIE, FTC, and treaty provisions can reduce double taxation, but they do not usually remove the filing requirement.
Yes, but only when the visa and local rules allow it. Countries such as Portugal, Costa Rica, Thailand, and Indonesia have remote-work or digital-nomad-style routes, but income thresholds, allowed activities, and tax residency can differ by country and can change during 2026.
Most Americans keep online access to US accounts, but they should update contact details, enable secure authentication, and confirm foreign address policies before moving. Opening foreign accounts can help daily life, but FBAR applies if all foreign accounts exceed $10,000 at any point in the year.
Most US health insurance plans do not provide full long-term international coverage. Check your plan before leaving, then compare local public coverage, private local insurance, and international medical insurance with evacuation coverage for at least the first 12 months.
The 2025 foreign earned income exclusion limit is $130,000 per qualifying person. Married couples can each elect the FEIE if both have foreign earned income and each independently meets the bona fide residence or physical presence test.
FEIE can be better in low-tax countries because it excludes up to $130,000 of qualifying 2025 earned income, while FTC can be better in high-tax countries because it credits foreign income tax paid. You cannot claim the FTC for taxes allocable to income excluded by FEIE.
You need an FBAR if the aggregate value of foreign financial accounts exceeds $10,000 at any time during the calendar year. The FBAR is due April 15 and has an automatic extension to October 15, with filing through FinCEN’s BSA e-filing system.
Canada and Australia are strong for skilled immigration, Portugal and the Netherlands are strong for EU residence routes, and Mexico is strong for proximity and cost. The best option depends on whether you qualify through income, employment, family, points, investment, or self-employment.
Canada, Australia, Ireland, and Singapore are the strongest English-speaking options in this guide. The tradeoff is cost: Singapore, Sydney, Dublin, Toronto, and Vancouver can be expensive, so immigration fit and after-tax income should be checked before choosing.
The best country depends on entity rules, banking access, local tax, and US reporting. Portugal, the Netherlands, Singapore, the UAE, Canada, and Mexico can all work for founders, but Form 5471, FBAR, Form 8938, GILTI, and PFIC exposure should be reviewed before formation.